Research supports a shift toward estradiol monotherapy for trans women, using estradiol alone without additional testosterone blockers.
A groundbreaking study published in the Journal of the Endocrine Society reveals that injectable estradiol may significantly improve hormone therapy outcomes for trans women, Pink News reports.
Researchers analyzed data from 29 patients who switched from traditional estradiol forms (gels or tablets) to weekly injections over a 15-month period. Despite receiving a lower average dose (3.7 mg vs. 4.3 mg), all participants experienced a dramatic reduction in testosterone levels, while maintaining stable estrogen levels.
The study also challenges the efficacy of Spironolactone, a commonly prescribed anti-androgen.
The average estradiol dose decreased from 4.3 to 3.7 mg weekly (P < .001) during the study period with a final on-treatment estradiol level of 248 pg/mL. All individuals achieved a testosterone level of less than 50 ng/dL during the study period. The average initial on-treatment testosterone level was not significantly different from average final on-treatment measurement of 24.0 mg/dL (P = .95). Spironolactone use at study initiation was not associated with a lower initial on-treatment testosterone level, though it was associated with a lower estradiol level of 285 pg/dL compared to 427 pg/dL for those on estradiol monotherapy (P = .017).
Conclusion
Lower doses of injectable estradiol can achieve therapeutic estradiol levels with excellent testosterone suppression. Spironolactone was not associated with additional testosterone suppression and may result in lower estradiol levels.
pom pom crabs are some of the most unethical animals in the ocean
this man is a serial abuser
His pom poms are two sessile invertebrates he holds in his hands and starves so he can punch stuff with anemones who are so desperate to eat that they’ll use maximum sting on anything that gets close to him. When they starve to death he just finds more
ACTUALLY, IT IS WORSE
The crabs will force the anemones to clone themselves if one dies OR steal others’ anemones if both die
They haven’t found these anemones in their free-living form, so, as far as we know, this anemone species is these crabs’ slave species—it’s only known in association with pom pom crabs
Cool paper on this: Schnytzer, Y., Giman, Y., Karplus, I., & Achituv, Y. (2017). Boxer crabs induce asexual reproduction of their associated sea anemones by splitting and intraspecific theft. PeerJ, 5, e2954. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2954
I think the ideal mutual is someone with some solid common ground but who also has a bonkers niche interest that’s totally foreign to you. It’s like a friendly educational experience
I longed to be part of this family. To be their benefactor. What could I possibly do for them? From then on, I became their invisible guardian. The Spirit of the Forest. And on occasion, they too extended a small kindness towards me. Clothes, bread. And for a moment, a brief, brief moment, the world and I were at peace.
JACOB ELORDI as THE CREATURE FRANKENSTEIN2025 Dir. Guillermo del Toro
